Introduction
The 2025 India-Pakistan conflict quickly became one of South Asia’s most intense crises. It started with a deadly terrorist attack in Kashmir and escalated into major military operations by both nations. This post covers key events, including India’s Operation Sindoor, Pakistan’s Operation Bunyan Marsoos, the ceasefire, and future prospects for the region.
Operation Sindoor: India Strikes Back
On April 23, 2025, terrorists attacked civilians in Pahalgam, killing 27 people, mostly Hindu pilgrims. In response, India launched Operation Sindoor, targeting militant camps and infrastructure along the Line of Control (LoC) through airstrikes, artillery, and special forces missions. Indian officials reported significant damage to the terror network, aiming to prevent further attacks.
Operation Bunyan Marsoos: Pakistan’s Countermove
Pakistan responded with Operation Bunyan Marsoos, a counterstrike to reinforce strategic positions and counter Indian advances. This included drone surveillance, missile launches, and elite commando deployments in the Neelum and Leepa valleys. Pakistan described its actions as defensive, while India accused Islamabad of escalating tensions and aiding militants.
Global Response
World powers like the United States, Russia, and China called for restraint. The United Nations condemned civilian casualties and urged both countries to resume dialogue. Gulf state mediators also played a key role in calming tensions.
The Ceasefire
By May 10, 2025, both sides agreed to a temporary ceasefire brokered by the UN and Gulf mediators. This halted direct fighting but left many disputes unresolved. Intelligence reports indicated ongoing troop build-ups along the LoC, highlighting the fragile nature of the truce.
What’s Next?
While fighting has paused, peace remains fragile. Experts warn of sleeper militant cells potentially planning further attacks. The international community urges India and Pakistan to improve border security and restart peace talks. Lasting peace depends on resolving the Kashmir dispute through dialogue and cooperation.
Summary
- Date: April 23 – May 10, 2025
- Location: Jammu and Kashmir, LoC, Pakistan-administered areas
- Trigger: Terrorist attack killing 27 civilians in Pahalgam
- India’s Response: Operation Sindoor – targeted strikes on militant camps
- Pakistan’s Response: Operation Bunyan Marsoos – counterattacks and troop reinforcements
- Outcome: Temporary ceasefire with ongoing military build-up