Background and Approval Process
In January 2025, during a visit to Moscow by Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian, a 20-year strategic partnership agreement was signed with Russian President Vladimir Putin. Later, in April, the Russian parliament approved the agreement, followed by the Iranian parliament in May. In Iran's parliament, out of 212 members, 191 voted in favor, 8 opposed, and 3 abstained.
Main Points of the Agreement
The agreement covers several aspects of military, economic, and strategic cooperation:
- Military Cooperation: While the agreement does not include a direct mutual defense clause, both countries will work together against common military threats, increase military-technical collaboration, and participate in joint exercises.
- Economic Relations: The agreement mentions strengthening interbank cooperation and promoting national financial products. In addition, a free trade agreement between Iran and the Russia-led Eurasian Economic Union has come into effect, which will reduce tariffs on goods and further increase trade between the two nations.
Geopolitical Context
Both Russia and Iran are currently under Western sanctions. Since the start of the war in Ukraine in 2022, military ties between the two countries have grown significantly. Western countries have accused Iran of supplying missiles and drones to Russia for use in Ukraine, although Tehran has denied these allegations.
International Reaction and Analysis
The agreement has received mixed reactions globally. Western nations view it as a challenge to their geopolitical influence. Experts believe the agreement will further strengthen the relationship between Russia and Iran and enhance their strategic positions.
Conclusion
The 20-year strategic partnership agreement between Russia and Iran marks a new chapter in global geopolitics. It will deepen ties between the two countries and strengthen their strategic standing. However, it may also introduce new challenges and dynamics in international politics, potentially impacting global stability in the future.